What distinguishes "detonation" from deflagration?

Detonation is characterized by a high-velocity reaction that propagates through a material or medium at a rate exceeding the speed of sound in that medium. This rapid combustion creates a shock wave, resulting in an explosive effect that can cause significant damage. This distinction is crucial because it differentiates detonation from deflagration, which occurs at subsonic speeds and involves a slower, combustion-driven reaction where the flame front travels at a pace less than the speed of sound.

Understanding that detonation involves this supersonic propagation helps in identifying the dynamics and hazards associated with explosive materials. It clarifies the types of conditions you might encounter in fire investigations, aiding in determining the potential mechanisms involved in fire-related incidents. In contrast, deflagration is characterized by lower energy release and typically does not create shock waves, which is foundational knowledge for ensuring that fire investigators approach scenarios with the correct analytical frameworks.